1. 활성화(activation)

2. 조직화(organization)

3. 정교화(elaboration)

4. 기억술(mnemonics)

 1) 장소법(method of loci)

 2) 핵단어법(key word method)

 3) 걸이단어법(peg word method)

 4) 심상법(imagery method)

 5) 두문자어법(acronym method)

 6) 운율붙이기법

 7) 덩이짓기법(chunking method)